The European Union has fined 15 car manufacturers and the European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA) $496 million for participating in a cartel concerning the disposal of end-of-life vehicles. Anti-competitive agreements involved companies such as BMW, Ford, Honda, Hyundai, Kia, Jaguar Land Rover, Mazda, Mercedes-Benz, Mitsubishi, Opel, Renault, Nissan, Stellantis, Suzuki, Toyota, and Volkswagen, along with their parent companies Tata, General Motors, and Geely. The European Commission found that cartel participants did not pay for dismantling vehicles to scrap yards, shared commercial information, and concealed disposal data from consumers. Mercedes-Benz turned in its co-conspirators in exchange for full immunity, avoiding a fine of approximately $40 million. Volkswagen received the largest fine at $137.7 million, followed by Renault-Nissan with $87.9 million and Stellantis with $80.8 million. All companies admitted guilt, which allowed them to receive a discount on their fines.